Objective: To determine the rate of cervical cancer among women with squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) cytology, as well as its
associated risk factors. The results were pooled with previously reported findings.

Materials and Methods: The authors reviewed data regarding women with SCCA cytology that underwent colposcopy at Khon
Kaen University’s Srinagarind Hospital between October 2008 and March 2016. A meta-analysis was performed to incorporate
the present study and the previous studies retrieved from a bibliographic database search to provide the pooled rate of cervical
cancer among women with SCCA cytology. A random-effects model was applied for meta-analysis.

Results: The data of 69 patients were reviewed. After colposcopy, 64 patients underwent cervical conization and/or hysterectomy,
and the five remaining patients underwent colposcopically-directed biopsy only. Thirty-six patients (52.2%; 95% CI 40.1 to
64.3) were found to have invasive lesions, all of them were cervical cancer. There were no significant associations between the
patients’ age, level of education, menopausal status, parity status, infection with human immunodeficiency virus, or symptoms
presented during the cervical smear and the rate of invasive cervical cancer. After combining the data from the present study
with the data from six other eligible studies, which were retrieved from the search of standard bibliographic databases, the
pooled rate of cervical cancer among women with SCCA cytology was 56% (95% CI 36 to 77).

Conclusion: Approximately, half of women with SCCA cytology in the present study harbored cervical cancer. No significant
factors predicting underlying cervical cancer were noted. By means of meta-analysis, the pooled rate of cervical cancer among
women with SCCA cytology was 56%.

Keywords: Cervical cytology, Squamous cell carcinoma, Risk factor, Meta-analysis