Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cause of death in Thailand, and its high incidence rate is related to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Overall, the worldwide survival rate is increasing, but in Thailand, outcomes remain poor.

Objective: Rajavithi Hospital is a referral center, and this descriptive study reviewed the background data of patients who were referred here between 2013 and 2017. The objective of this study was to evaluate resectable rates and survival after hepatic resection.

Materials and Methods: The records were retrospectively reviewed of all 531 HCC patients treated in Rajavithi Hospital during the period January 2013 to June 2017. Clinical information, biochemical tests and radiologic findings were recorded, and descriptive data were presented as percent, mean, median and standard deviation (SD). Survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results: 138 HCC patients had successful hepatic resection. We classified patients in accordance with Barcelona Clinic Liver Staging (BCLC), and we found that 1.4%, 29.0%, 38.4% and 31.2% were in stages 0, A, B, and C respectively. The overall survival rates after 1, 3, and 5 years of HCC patients who underwent resection were 74.0%, 60.0% and 59.4% respectively.

Conclusion: Chronic HBV infection is a significant risk factor of HCC in Thai patients, most of whom present at a late stage, resulting in inferior long-term outcomes. Prevention of HBV transmission and enhanced effectiveness of screening programs for high-risk patients could be important ways to reduce the mortality rate among Thai patients.

Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma, Hepatectomy