Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the success rate of parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and the related causes for the persistence or recurrence of the disease after surgery.

Materials and Methods: A single center retrospective study of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent parathyroidectomy at the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, during the period January 2007 to December 2015 was conducted.

Results: In total, 79 patients with a median follow-up period of 29 months (ranging from 6 to 110 months) were enrolled on the study. The success rate of parathyroidectomy was reported to be 90%, while 7% of the patients had persistent pHPT and 3% developed recurrent pHPT after surgery. The most common postoperative complications were transient symptomatic hypocalcemia (8%). There were no statistically significant related factors to the persistence or recurrence of the disease.

Conclusion: The high positive outcome of parathyroidectomy for pHPT patients in Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, shows it is safe and effective, with a success rate in 9-year experience of 90%. The authors believe that an improvement of pre-operative imaging for localization and the use of surgical adjuncts may help improve the outcome of the surgery in the future.

Keywords: Primary hyperparathyroidism, Persistent hyperparathyroidism, Recurrent hyperparathyroidism, Parathyroidectomy