Background: Although the association between the apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5), and apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) genetic variants with dyslipidemia have been extensively studied in various populations. However, the association between the apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5), and apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) genetic variants with dyslipidemia was limited in Thai population.
Objective: The present study was to examine whether APOA5 and APOC3 gene polymorphisms associated with increased risk of developing dyslipidemia in Thais.
Materials and Methods: Two hundred participants were recruited in case-control studies, Four SNPs in APOC3 (rs2854116 T/C, rs2854117 C/T, rs5128 G/C) and APOA5 (rs651821 T/C) genes were genotyped by PCR-RFLP methods.
Results: The results showed that polymorphism in rs651821 of APOA5 gene was significantly associated with high triglyceride levels (p=0.017). The risk of dyslipidemia increased for carrying T/C+C/C genotypes and C allele of rs651821 in APOA5 gene were 2.02 (OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.07 to 3.79, p=0.028) and 2.27 (OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.10 to 4.69, p=0.025), respectively. The haplotype analysis of variants in APOC3 (rs2854116, rs2854117, rs5128) and APOA5 (rs651821) genes, carrying with CTCC haplotype was significantly higher the risk of dyslipidemia (OR: 3.42, 95% CI: 1.23 to 9.49, p=0.019), compared with the common haplotype (TCGT).
Conclusion: The risk allele (C allele) in rs651821 of APOA5 gene was associated with increasing risk of dyslipidemia by 2 times, and also haplotype carriers of APOC3 (rs2854116 (C), rs2854117 (T), rs5128 (C)) and APOA5 (rs651821 (C)) genes have higher risk of developing dyslipidemia by 3 times in Thai population. However, the association between SNPs in APOC3 gene and dyslipidemia was not observed in the present study.

Keywords: Gene; Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP); Dyslipidemia; Haplotype