Objective: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) are the recent method to prevent HIV transmission but tends to increase prevalence of sexual transmitted diseases (STDs). STDs have not been reported in our center. We aimed to study prevalence and risk factor of STDs in MSM and TGW.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 176 MSM and TGW individuals between 1st January 2012 to 30th December 2020 from test and treat clinic at Srinagarind hospital, Khon Kaen University, Khonkaen, Thailand has been conducted. We collected data and medical history for demonstrating prevalence and risk factor of STDs.

Results: Of 176 patients, the mean age was 27.0 ± 6.7 years, and 171 (97.2%) patients were MSM. Thirty-four patients (19.3%) had syphilis. The prevalence of HIV infection was 17.6%, gonococcal urethritis was 6.8%, HBV infection was 3.1%, and non-gonococcal urethritis was 1.1%. Patients who were sometimes use condom with steady partner had significant risk for HIV infection (aOR 3.62 [95%CI 1.46–9.00], p=0.03). History of previous STDs infection was statically significant associated with new event of syphilis infection (aOR 4.00 [95%CI 1.32–11.65], p=0.02) and HIV infection (aOR 4.40 [95%CI 1.93–9.80], p<0.001).

Conclusion: Syphilis was the most common STDs. Sometimes used condom with steady partner was a risk factor for HIV infection and history of previous STDs infection was a risk factor for syphilis and HIV infection.