Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a university hospital. Two hundred twenty consecutive premenopausal women, aged 40 to 50-years-old, with symptomatic adenomyosis and/or myoma uteri, and scheduled for a total abdominal hysterectomy were enrolled. During laparotomy, a systematic inspection of the pelvis was carried out to identify endometriosis.

Results: The presence of endometriosis was observed in 63 (28.6%) of 220 patients. The prevalence of endometriosis was 19 in 47 (40.4%) patients with adenomyosis, 30 in 132 (22.7%) patients with leiomyomas, and 14 in 41 (34.1%) patients with adenomyosis and leiomyomas. The rate of coexistence of endometriosis in the women with adenomyosis was statistically significantly higher than in the patients with leiomyomas (p-value = 0.032). Younger age, moderate-severe pain, and short menstrual interval were shown to be independent risk factors for endometriosis among these patients.

Conclusion: The prevalence of endometriosis in the women with adenomyosis was higher than in those with leiomyomas.

Keywords: Adenomyosis, Endometriosis, Hysterectomy, Myoma uteri, Prevalence