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Original ArticleOpen Access
Shedding of HIV -1 Subtype E in Semen and Cervico-Vaginal Fluid
Sutthent R 
,
Chaisilwattana P ,
Roongpisuthipong A ,
Wirachsilp P ,
Samrangsarp K ,
Chaiyakul P ,
Puthavathana P ,
Wasi C
,
Chaisilwattana P ,
Roongpisuthipong A ,
Wirachsilp P ,
Samrangsarp K ,
Chaiyakul P ,
Puthavathana P ,
Wasi C The uneven expansion of HIV-1 subtypes in each transmitted group raises the possibility
that some viruses have less/more potential by qualitative/quantitative for heterosexual transmission
compared to others. In Thailand, HIV-1 subtype E is mainly spread via heterosexual route and
accounts for about 95 per cent of the infected cases. To determine whether high sexual infectivity
of HIV -1 subtype E is due to the presence of a virus in genital fluid, we conducted a study to characterize
shedding of HIV -1 in seminal and cervico-vaginal fluids of 30 HIV -1 subtype E infected
Thai couples by PCR and virus isolation methods. All subjects had no HIV-associated diseases
and other sexually transmitted diseases. HIV-1 subtype EDNA was detected in 22/30 (77.33%) of
cervico-vaginal and also 22/30 (77.33%) of seminal fluid samples. The isolation rate of HIV-1
from semen and cervico-vaginal secretion was 36.67 per cent and 16.67 per cent, respectively.
Number of HIV-1 subtype E DNA copies in the blood is reversely correlated with the number
of blood CD4+ T cells, while that in genital fluid was not related to CD4+ T cell count. An
increase in shedding of HIV- DNA subtype E in female genital tract compared to other HIV
subtypes reported by other investigators might be one reason to explain the rapid spread of subtype
E by heterosexual transmission in Thailand.
that some viruses have less/more potential by qualitative/quantitative for heterosexual transmission
compared to others. In Thailand, HIV-1 subtype E is mainly spread via heterosexual route and
accounts for about 95 per cent of the infected cases. To determine whether high sexual infectivity
of HIV -1 subtype E is due to the presence of a virus in genital fluid, we conducted a study to characterize
shedding of HIV -1 in seminal and cervico-vaginal fluids of 30 HIV -1 subtype E infected
Thai couples by PCR and virus isolation methods. All subjects had no HIV-associated diseases
and other sexually transmitted diseases. HIV-1 subtype EDNA was detected in 22/30 (77.33%) of
cervico-vaginal and also 22/30 (77.33%) of seminal fluid samples. The isolation rate of HIV-1
from semen and cervico-vaginal secretion was 36.67 per cent and 16.67 per cent, respectively.
Number of HIV-1 subtype E DNA copies in the blood is reversely correlated with the number
of blood CD4+ T cells, while that in genital fluid was not related to CD4+ T cell count. An
increase in shedding of HIV- DNA subtype E in female genital tract compared to other HIV
subtypes reported by other investigators might be one reason to explain the rapid spread of subtype
E by heterosexual transmission in Thailand.
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