Views: 1,508 | Downloads:
18
| Responses: 0
| XML | Respond to this article | Alert & updates | Request permissions | Email to a friend |
Original ArticleOpen Access
Amifostine and Hematologic Effects
Sriswasdi C 
,
Jootar S ,
Giles FJ
,
Jootar S ,
Giles FJ Amifostine is a protective agent of normal tissue from adverse effects of radiochemo-
therapy. It is the prodrug that is dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase on plasma membrane
into the active form named WR-1065. More than 90 per cent of the drug is cleared from plasma
in 6 minutes and the peak tissue concentration is 10-30 minutes after intravenous administration.
Amifostine has the selective property to protect normal tissue but not cancer cells by mainly
scavenging free radicals induced by radiation and chemocytotoxic agents. Both preclinical and
clinical studies of this drug provide the significant protection of hematopoietic progentitors from a
broad range of cytotoxic agents such as cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, vinblastine, carboplatin,
mitomycin-C. fotemustine, doxorubicin, daunorubicin and radiation as well. Moreover, this drug
can protect other normal organs or tissues including kidney, salivary gland, liver, heart, lung and
small intestine. Amifostine is quite safe, the two major side effects are vomiting and hypotension,
and the minor effects are flushing, sneezing, dizziness, chills, metallic taste etc. The drug was
approved by the FDA of U.S.A. for use as a cytoprotectant in cyclophosphamide and cisplatin
treatment for advanced ovarian cancer and non small cell lung cancer.
Key word
: Amifostine, Cytoprotectant
therapy. It is the prodrug that is dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase on plasma membrane
into the active form named WR-1065. More than 90 per cent of the drug is cleared from plasma
in 6 minutes and the peak tissue concentration is 10-30 minutes after intravenous administration.
Amifostine has the selective property to protect normal tissue but not cancer cells by mainly
scavenging free radicals induced by radiation and chemocytotoxic agents. Both preclinical and
clinical studies of this drug provide the significant protection of hematopoietic progentitors from a
broad range of cytotoxic agents such as cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, vinblastine, carboplatin,
mitomycin-C. fotemustine, doxorubicin, daunorubicin and radiation as well. Moreover, this drug
can protect other normal organs or tissues including kidney, salivary gland, liver, heart, lung and
small intestine. Amifostine is quite safe, the two major side effects are vomiting and hypotension,
and the minor effects are flushing, sneezing, dizziness, chills, metallic taste etc. The drug was
approved by the FDA of U.S.A. for use as a cytoprotectant in cyclophosphamide and cisplatin
treatment for advanced ovarian cancer and non small cell lung cancer.
Key word
: Amifostine, Cytoprotectant
Download:
PDF