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Original ArticleOpen Access
Evaluation of the Effect of Steviol on Chromosomal Damage using Micronucleus Test in Three Laboratory Animal Species
Temcharoen P 
,
Suwannatrai M ,
Kongpanichpak S ,
Apibal S ,
Ginsukon T ,
Toskulkao C
,
Suwannatrai M ,
Kongpanichpak S ,
Apibal S ,
Ginsukon T ,
Toskulkao C MUTCHALIN SUWANNATRAI, M.Sc.**,
SUNTAREE APIBAL, M.Sc.****,
CHAIV AT TOSKULKAO, D.V.M., Ph.D.***
The chromosomal damage activity of steviol, a product of enzymatic alteration of
stevioside, a natural non-caloric sweetener was reevaluated by using a bone marrow micro-
nucleus test in both male and female hamsters, rats and mice. The micronucleus test is used
widely as a rapid and efficient alternative in chromosome analysis for detecting
in vivo
cyto-
genetic damage. Steviol at the dose of 4 g/kg body weight for hamsters and 8 g/kg body
weight for rats and mice showed no effect on the frequencies of micronucleus formation in
bone marrow erythrocytes of both male and female hamsters, rats and mice. Moreover, there
was also no apparent change in the PCEs:NCEs (polychromatic erythrocytes:normochromatic
erythrocytes) ratio of the male animals of all three treated species at 24, 30, 48 and 72 hour
intervals. However, steviol at the given dose can cause significant reduction of PCEs to NCEs
ratio of the female hamsters at 72 hours and female rats and mice at 48 and 72 hours after
receiving steviol orally. From these results, it could be proposed that steviol at the given dose
to the treated animals produced adverse metabolites and these metabolites could reach the bone
marrow, the target organ for micronucleus test. These metabolites also exhibited a slightly
cytotoxic effect but not clastogenic effect to the bone marrow erythrocytes.
Key word
: Steviol, Micronucleus Test, Chromosomal Damage
SUNTAREE APIBAL, M.Sc.****,
CHAIV AT TOSKULKAO, D.V.M., Ph.D.***
The chromosomal damage activity of steviol, a product of enzymatic alteration of
stevioside, a natural non-caloric sweetener was reevaluated by using a bone marrow micro-
nucleus test in both male and female hamsters, rats and mice. The micronucleus test is used
widely as a rapid and efficient alternative in chromosome analysis for detecting
in vivo
cyto-
genetic damage. Steviol at the dose of 4 g/kg body weight for hamsters and 8 g/kg body
weight for rats and mice showed no effect on the frequencies of micronucleus formation in
bone marrow erythrocytes of both male and female hamsters, rats and mice. Moreover, there
was also no apparent change in the PCEs:NCEs (polychromatic erythrocytes:normochromatic
erythrocytes) ratio of the male animals of all three treated species at 24, 30, 48 and 72 hour
intervals. However, steviol at the given dose can cause significant reduction of PCEs to NCEs
ratio of the female hamsters at 72 hours and female rats and mice at 48 and 72 hours after
receiving steviol orally. From these results, it could be proposed that steviol at the given dose
to the treated animals produced adverse metabolites and these metabolites could reach the bone
marrow, the target organ for micronucleus test. These metabolites also exhibited a slightly
cytotoxic effect but not clastogenic effect to the bone marrow erythrocytes.
Key word
: Steviol, Micronucleus Test, Chromosomal Damage
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