Chylothorax is a potentially life-threatening form of pleural effusion containing lymphatic fluid. Its
etiology may be either traumatic (either post-operative or a direct result of injury), a congenital abnormality
of the thoracic duct, or non-traumatic. This is a case report of a left iatrogenic chylothorax, which developed
2 days after internal jugular vein catheterization, in a patient with 50% total body surface area (TBSA) burns.
This complication was treated successfully by tube thoracostomy and oral supplementation with a low fat,
high carbohydrate, high protein diet. Further, the authors review the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation
and recommended management of catheter-related chylothorax.

Keywords: Chylothorax, Burn, Catheter