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Original ArticleOpen Access
Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Dyslexia in Primary School Students
Roongpraiwan R 
,
Ruangdaraganon N ,
Visudhiphan P ,
Santikul K
,
Ruangdaraganon N ,
Visudhiphan P ,
Santikul K Background : Dyslexia is the most common subtype of learning disabilities with a prevalence
ranging from 5-10 per cent. The central difficulty in dyslexia is the phonological awareness
deficit. The authors have developed a screening test to assess the reading ability of Thai primary
school students.
Objective : 1. To study the prevalence of dyslexia in first to sixth grade students at Wat
Samiannaree School.
2. To study the clinical characteristics such as sex, neurological signs, verbal
intelligence and comorbid attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) of
the dyslexia group.
Method: A total of 486 first to sixth grade students were administered "Raven's progressive
matrices test" for estimation of intellectual functioning. Those who scored below the fifth percentile
were labeled as mental retardation and excluded from the study. The students' reading ability was
evaluated by 3 steps; first by classroom teachers using some items of the screening test, second by
the researchers examining some more items individually, and third by the special educator assessing
more details in reading and phonology. The students who had a reading ability two-grade levels below
their actual grades and impairment in phonology were diagnosed with dyslexia.
Results : The prevalence of dyslexia and probable dyslexia were found to be 6.3 per cent
and 12.6 per cent, respectively. The male to female ratio of dyslexia was 3.4 : 1. The dyslexia group
had significantly lower Thai language scores than those of the normal group (p
ranging from 5-10 per cent. The central difficulty in dyslexia is the phonological awareness
deficit. The authors have developed a screening test to assess the reading ability of Thai primary
school students.
Objective : 1. To study the prevalence of dyslexia in first to sixth grade students at Wat
Samiannaree School.
2. To study the clinical characteristics such as sex, neurological signs, verbal
intelligence and comorbid attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) of
the dyslexia group.
Method: A total of 486 first to sixth grade students were administered "Raven's progressive
matrices test" for estimation of intellectual functioning. Those who scored below the fifth percentile
were labeled as mental retardation and excluded from the study. The students' reading ability was
evaluated by 3 steps; first by classroom teachers using some items of the screening test, second by
the researchers examining some more items individually, and third by the special educator assessing
more details in reading and phonology. The students who had a reading ability two-grade levels below
their actual grades and impairment in phonology were diagnosed with dyslexia.
Results : The prevalence of dyslexia and probable dyslexia were found to be 6.3 per cent
and 12.6 per cent, respectively. The male to female ratio of dyslexia was 3.4 : 1. The dyslexia group
had significantly lower Thai language scores than those of the normal group (p
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