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Original ArticleOpen Access
The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anemia in Pregnant Women
Chotnopparatpattara P 
,
Limpongsanurak s ,
Charnngam P
,
Limpongsanurak s ,
Charnngam P Objective : To determine the prevalence and risk factors of anemia in pregnant women.
Method : The pregnant women were screened with complete blood count, hemoglobin electro-
phoresis and serology tests for hepatitis B, syphilis and HIV. In cases of anemia, serum for iron and
ferritin were investigated. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin level less than 11.0 g/dl in the first
and third trimester of pregnancy or less than 10.5 g/dl in the second trimester. Factors associated with
anemia were analyzed by using student's t-test and chi-square. The statistically significant factors were
tested with the use of multiple logistic regression.
Results : A total of 1,304 pregnant women were recruited. The prevalence of anemia was 19.2
per cent (251 cases). Classified in each trimester, the prevalence was 14.8 per cent, 20.5 per cent and
38.6 per cent in the first, second and third trimester, respectively. One hundred and sixty-one cases of
anemia were available for serum iron and ferritin levels. Iron deficiency anemia, by means of serum
ferritin, was detected in 32 cases (19.9%). An abnormal pattern of hemoglobin electrophoresis was
detected in 367 cases (28.1% ). Gestational age at first prenatal visit, abnormal hemoglobin electro-
phoresis and educational status were associated with anemia during pregnancy.
Conclusion : The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women who first attended the prenatal
visit was 19.2 per cent. Factors associated with anemia during pregnancy were gestational age at first
prenatal visit, abnormal hemoglobin electrophoresis and educational status.
Key word : Anemia, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Risk Factor
Method : The pregnant women were screened with complete blood count, hemoglobin electro-
phoresis and serology tests for hepatitis B, syphilis and HIV. In cases of anemia, serum for iron and
ferritin were investigated. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin level less than 11.0 g/dl in the first
and third trimester of pregnancy or less than 10.5 g/dl in the second trimester. Factors associated with
anemia were analyzed by using student's t-test and chi-square. The statistically significant factors were
tested with the use of multiple logistic regression.
Results : A total of 1,304 pregnant women were recruited. The prevalence of anemia was 19.2
per cent (251 cases). Classified in each trimester, the prevalence was 14.8 per cent, 20.5 per cent and
38.6 per cent in the first, second and third trimester, respectively. One hundred and sixty-one cases of
anemia were available for serum iron and ferritin levels. Iron deficiency anemia, by means of serum
ferritin, was detected in 32 cases (19.9%). An abnormal pattern of hemoglobin electrophoresis was
detected in 367 cases (28.1% ). Gestational age at first prenatal visit, abnormal hemoglobin electro-
phoresis and educational status were associated with anemia during pregnancy.
Conclusion : The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women who first attended the prenatal
visit was 19.2 per cent. Factors associated with anemia during pregnancy were gestational age at first
prenatal visit, abnormal hemoglobin electrophoresis and educational status.
Key word : Anemia, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Risk Factor
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