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Original ArticleOpen Access
Comparison of Tissue Reaction and Osteointegration of Metal Implants between Hydroxyapatiteffi alloy Coat : An Animal Experimental Study
Laiprasert T 
,
Techapongworachai T ,
Kuptlliratsaiku S ,
Thanakit V ,
8 R
,
Techapongworachai T ,
Kuptlliratsaiku S ,
Thanakit V ,
8 R Background
: One important clinical application of hydroxyapatite (HA) is coating on metal
implants to stimulate osteo-integration thus enhancing fixation of the implant to bone, especially
plasma-sprayed HA coating applied on Ti alloy substrate. The poor bonding strength between HA and
Ti alloy has been of great concern to orthopedists. The biocomptable coat such as Ti alloy (Ti02) coat
is one method to improve adhesive strength.
Objective
: The objective of this study was to detect and analyze possible differences in
bone formation, bone integration and tissue reaction between group I (uncoated Titanium), group II
(Hydroxyapatite coated Titanium), and group III (Hydroxyapatite!fi02 coated Titanium) implant
specimens when embedded into bony hosts.
Method
: Rectangular specimens were implanted into the femoral bone of adult dogs in
randomly different sites including : proximal left, proximal right, distal left, distal right. The tailor-
made implant specimens were inserted in 5 x 5 mm preprepared sockets. Radiographic evaluation was
taken at 0, 1, 3 and 6 months. All animals were sacrificed at 3 and 6 months post implantation. The
femoral bone containing implants were dissected and then prepared to be further investigated. The
bone-implant interface was analyzed by H&E surface staining, radiography and scanning electron
microscopy. Data concerning percentage of osteointegration and adhesiveness of hydroxyapatite layer
from different kinds of implants along the entire length of each implants were collected and analyzed
for evaluation of any significant differences.
Results
: No osteo-integration was noted in Group I, but there was 25.57 per cent osteo-
integration in Group II and 28.63 per cent in Group III. No statistically significant differences were
observed between Group II and Group III. However, the coating layer in Group II was found to have
detached, in some area, from the metal substrate. Histologically, no adverse tissue reaction was found
around any kind of implant.
Vol. 86 Suppl 2 TISSUE REACTION AND OSTEOINTEGRATION OF HYDROXYAPATITEffl ALLOY IMPLANTS 8423
Conclusion: Biocompatable bond coat is one of the methods to improve adhesive strength of
hydroxyapatite coated implants. In the present study it could be concluded that, besides the improve-
ment in adhesiveness, the intervening Ti02 coating layer had no negative effect concerning bone
formation and integration and also showed no adverse surrounding soft tissue reaction.
Key word : Titanium, Titanium/Hydroxyapatite Coat, Titanium!Ti Alloy/Hydroxyapatite Coat
: One important clinical application of hydroxyapatite (HA) is coating on metal
implants to stimulate osteo-integration thus enhancing fixation of the implant to bone, especially
plasma-sprayed HA coating applied on Ti alloy substrate. The poor bonding strength between HA and
Ti alloy has been of great concern to orthopedists. The biocomptable coat such as Ti alloy (Ti02) coat
is one method to improve adhesive strength.
Objective
: The objective of this study was to detect and analyze possible differences in
bone formation, bone integration and tissue reaction between group I (uncoated Titanium), group II
(Hydroxyapatite coated Titanium), and group III (Hydroxyapatite!fi02 coated Titanium) implant
specimens when embedded into bony hosts.
Method
: Rectangular specimens were implanted into the femoral bone of adult dogs in
randomly different sites including : proximal left, proximal right, distal left, distal right. The tailor-
made implant specimens were inserted in 5 x 5 mm preprepared sockets. Radiographic evaluation was
taken at 0, 1, 3 and 6 months. All animals were sacrificed at 3 and 6 months post implantation. The
femoral bone containing implants were dissected and then prepared to be further investigated. The
bone-implant interface was analyzed by H&E surface staining, radiography and scanning electron
microscopy. Data concerning percentage of osteointegration and adhesiveness of hydroxyapatite layer
from different kinds of implants along the entire length of each implants were collected and analyzed
for evaluation of any significant differences.
Results
: No osteo-integration was noted in Group I, but there was 25.57 per cent osteo-
integration in Group II and 28.63 per cent in Group III. No statistically significant differences were
observed between Group II and Group III. However, the coating layer in Group II was found to have
detached, in some area, from the metal substrate. Histologically, no adverse tissue reaction was found
around any kind of implant.
Vol. 86 Suppl 2 TISSUE REACTION AND OSTEOINTEGRATION OF HYDROXYAPATITEffl ALLOY IMPLANTS 8423
Conclusion: Biocompatable bond coat is one of the methods to improve adhesive strength of
hydroxyapatite coated implants. In the present study it could be concluded that, besides the improve-
ment in adhesiveness, the intervening Ti02 coating layer had no negative effect concerning bone
formation and integration and also showed no adverse surrounding soft tissue reaction.
Key word : Titanium, Titanium/Hydroxyapatite Coat, Titanium!Ti Alloy/Hydroxyapatite Coat
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