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Original ArticleOpen Access
Chemical Components of Urinary Stones According to Age and Sex of Adult Patients
Prasongwatana V 
,
Bovornpadungkitti S ,
Chotikawanich E ,
Pachitrat K ,
Suwanatrai S ,
Sriboonlue P
,
Bovornpadungkitti S ,
Chotikawanich E ,
Pachitrat K ,
Suwanatrai S ,
Sriboonlue P Objective: Report the relationship of composition with age and sex of the patients.
Material and Method: A series of 426 urinary stones, 33 from the lower (LUT) and 393 from the upper urinary
tract (UUT) of adults, were analyzed for their chemical composition using infrared spectroscopy. The majority
of LUT stones were from males (n = 26) and in the age group beyond 60 years (n = 20).
Results: Calcium oxalate (CaOx) and uric acid and urate (UA-UR) were the main constituents in LUT stones
of males and UA-UR and magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) of females. While UA-UR was distributed in
all age group of males, it was only detected in elderly females. In cases of UUT stones, the peak finding for both
sexes was for the 50-59-year-olds (age class). The MAP component was found more commonly in UUT stones
of females, particularly in the younger age groups. CaOx and calcium phosphate (CaP) were the main
components of UUT stones in both sexes (CaP was slightly more common in females) with the highest proportion
in the 30-49-year-olds (age class), thereafter they declined and were replaced with UA-UR.
Conclusion: Although the proportion of LUT stones in the present study was small, the present findings agree
with previous studies on the role of both age and sex in the etiopathogeny of urinary stones.
Keywords: Urinary stone, Stone composition, Age and sex of stone patients
Material and Method: A series of 426 urinary stones, 33 from the lower (LUT) and 393 from the upper urinary
tract (UUT) of adults, were analyzed for their chemical composition using infrared spectroscopy. The majority
of LUT stones were from males (n = 26) and in the age group beyond 60 years (n = 20).
Results: Calcium oxalate (CaOx) and uric acid and urate (UA-UR) were the main constituents in LUT stones
of males and UA-UR and magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) of females. While UA-UR was distributed in
all age group of males, it was only detected in elderly females. In cases of UUT stones, the peak finding for both
sexes was for the 50-59-year-olds (age class). The MAP component was found more commonly in UUT stones
of females, particularly in the younger age groups. CaOx and calcium phosphate (CaP) were the main
components of UUT stones in both sexes (CaP was slightly more common in females) with the highest proportion
in the 30-49-year-olds (age class), thereafter they declined and were replaced with UA-UR.
Conclusion: Although the proportion of LUT stones in the present study was small, the present findings agree
with previous studies on the role of both age and sex in the etiopathogeny of urinary stones.
Keywords: Urinary stone, Stone composition, Age and sex of stone patients
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