Authors reported a case of a 60-year-old female who had knee pain after first time total knee replacement 5 months earlier. The postoperative radiograph of her left knee showed progressive bone loss around prostheses both femur and tibia. She was diagnosed with chronic postoperative infection from mycobacterium that was positive culture from synovial tissue at the second time of surgery. Our study showed that the process of rapid bone destruction in short period from mycobacterium that must be concerned especially in endemic area.

Keywords: Mycobacterium infection, Chronic postoperative infection, Bone loss after total knee replacement