Background: Lipofilling has been developed to correct the problem after breast conserving surgery and breast reconstruction in the patient with breast cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate amount and proportion of adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) in harvested fat and other factors affecting outcome of the lipofilling.

Objective: The aims of this study are to evaluate the amount and proportion of ADSCs in harvested fat and factors associate with the lipofilling outcomes.

Material and Method: A prospective cohort study was performed between 2014 and 2016 in the breast cancer and phyllodes tumor patients who underwent breast conservative surgery and total mastectomy with reconstruction, or have a deformity, or asymmetry. The data of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, cell viability, and outcome of the lipofilling were collected.

Results: Thirteen patients had undergone lipofilling and were included in the present study. Donor site complications were not found. One patient developed breast abscess after the operation, five patients had fat necrosis from mammography and ultrasonography, and two of these patients received intervention to prove fat necrosis. Three fat samples were analyzed for CD markers. The initial finding demonstrated CD45^-, CD34⁺ in all samples and one sample demonstrated CD45^-, CD34⁺, CD105^-, and CD90⁺ to confirm the presence of ADSCs. No factors were found to affect the fat necrosis.

Conclusion: The present study used the CD surface markers to confirm that the fat graft has ADSCs. We could not find factors associated with fat necrosis. In further study, we will include more patients to demonstrate the outcome of lipofilling from amount and proportion of ADSCs and other factors.

Keywords: Lipofilling, Autologous fat grafting, Adipocyte-derived stromal cells, Breast reconstruction, Breast cancer