Objective: To determine the prevalence, electrolytes and acid-base homeostasis, and clinical outcomes of neonatal acute kidney injury [AKI].
Materials and Methods: Data of neonates aged 0 to 30 days who were admitted to Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital from
1st June 2010 to 31st May 2016 were collected from medical records.
Results: Five hundred and forty-six neonates were admitted to the hospital during the study period. Of these, 46 neonates
(8.4%) were diagnosed with neonatal AKI. Thirty-three of them were male and 13 were female. Their median gestational age was 31weeks (interquartile range, 28.8 to 38.0 weeks). There were 16 neonates with birth weight less than 1,000 grams. Common features found among neonatal AKI were sepsis (91.3%), birth asphyxia (69.5%), and electrolytes imbalance (47.8%). Mortality rate was 28.3% and the most common factor associated with death was sepsis (26.1%). Among neonatal deaths, metabolic acidosis was the factor associated with deaths in 76.9% which was significantly higher than the AKI who survived.
Conclusion: The prevalence of neonatal AKI was 8.4%. Factors commonly found in neonatal AKI were sepsis, birth
asphyxia and electrolyte imbalance. Mortality rate was 28.3% with sepsis as the most cause.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury, Neonate, Prevalence