Characteristics of Pregnancy with Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV) and Perinatal Transmission in Nakornping Hospital
Vorapin Gomutbutra MD*
Affiliation : * Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai
Background : The HIV infected pregnancy delivered at Nakornping Hospital was common. To reduce and
prevent HIV infection in pregnancy and perinatal transmission, the understanding of characteristics of HIV
pregnancy and neonatal infective outcome were needed for proper strategy and policy making.
Objective : To study the characteristics of HIV pregnancy and neonatal infective outcome in a hospital in the
northern part of Thailand.
Material and Method: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology Unit, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Medical records of HIV infected
pregnancy from the labor unit during October 2002 and September 2005 was scrutinized. The relevant data
of the characteristics of HIV infected mother, pregnancy and neonatal infective outcome were collected and
analyzed.
Results : There were 172 HIV infected mothers among 7,872 parturients (2.2%). The mean age was 28.2 years
(range 14-44 years). Most of the cases were between 25-29 years (40%). 45 pregnancies (26%) delivered
before 37 weeks. About half (50.6%) delivered via cesarean section. 22% of their newborn weighted below
2,500 grams. With antiviral regimen of Navirapine and Zidovudine for both mothers and their neonate the
overall perinatal transmission rate was 4%. In mothers having ANC group the transmission rate was 3.2%
compared to 11.7% in no ANC group. (X2 =1.092 p = 0.296 Cl 0.04-1.4) RR of ANC group = 0.274 compare
to no ANC.
Conclusion : Many of HIV infected mothers were in the young age group. High preterm labor rate was observed.
The no ANC group had about 4 folds infective neonate compared to the ANC group. No antiviral drug during
pregnancy in no ANC group may be a factor. This information was vital for strategic ANC planning to prevent
and reduce this problem.
Keywords : HIV-infected pregnancy, Perinatal transmission
