Antimicrobial Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in Thailand from 2000 to 2005
Prapawadee Tishyadhigama MSc*, Surang Dejsirilert MSc*, Orathai Thongmali BSc*, Pathom Sawanpanyalert MD, DrPH*, Nalinee Aswapokee MD***, Dadanabhand Piboonbanakit MD, PhD**
Affiliation : * National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Nonthaburi, Thailand ** Division of Infectious Diseases, Pramongkutklao Hospital Bangkok, Thailand *** Unit of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Internal Medicine, Siriraj University Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
From 2000 to 2005, the data of all clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin- susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) from 28 hospitals in the National Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Thailand (NARST) program were reviewed and analyzed for the prevalence and pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility by WHONET software program. Among all isolates, around 26% of MRSA have been noted in each year. The rates of erythromycin-resistant MRSA were relatively high, ranging from 94.5% to 96.8%, followed by clindamycin resistant (37.4% to 68.9%), fosfomycin-resistant (7.7% to 17%), vancomycin-resistant (0.1% to 0.8%), and teicoplanin resistant (0.2% to 1.3%). The rates of antimicrobial resistance MSSA were constantly low, with erythromycin resistance ranging from 3.7% to 4.6%, clindamycin resistance ranging from 1.4% to 2.3%, fosfomycin resistance ranging from 0.7% to 1.4%, vancomycin resistance ranging from 0.1% to 1.2%, and teicoplanin resistance ranging from 0.1% to 1.1%. An increasing trend of vancomycin resistance in S. aureus determined by the disk diffusion method should be further confirmed by appropriate susceptibility methods. Molecular typing methods are needed to determine the epidemiological association between these resistant isolates.
Keywords : Anti-bacterial agents, Drug resistance, multiple, bacterial, Methicillin resistance, Microbial sensitivity tests, Staphylococcus aureus, Thailand
