Antibacterial Activity of Crude Extracts of Prasaprohyai Formula and Its Components against Pathogenic Bacteria
Chisanucha Sattaponpan BSc*, Sumalee Kondo PhD**
Affiliation : * Student of Master Degree of Science Program in Medical Sciences (Nutraceutical), Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klongluang, Pathum Thani, Thailand ** Division of Molecular Genetics and Molecular Biology in Medicine, Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Klongluang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
Background : Prasaprohyai formula is a Thai Traditional Medicine which has been used for reducing feverish in child. Fever
is a symptom resulting from various infections and diseases. The major cause of fever is bacterial and viral infections. The
Prasaprohyai formula and its components potentially have biological activities including antipyretic and antimicrobial
activities. It is in a hope to develop the formula and its components for an alternative medicine of infectious diseases.
Objective : To study antibacterial activity of Prasaprohyai formula and its components against pathogenic bacteria.
Material and Method: Prasaprohyai formula and its components were extracted by different methods, A: maceration with
95% ethanol followed by evaporation (ET), B: ET followed by freeze drying (EF) and C: water distillation (VO). All extracts
were tested against clinical isolates from Thammasat University Hospital, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia
coli ATCC 25922. Disk diffusion and broth dilution methods were performed.
Results : Crude extracts of ET had higher yield of extraction than other methods. The results showed that the crude extract
from different methods of Syzygium aromaticum (Linn) Merr & Perry (Flower) was effective against all bacterial strains with
the inhibition zone ranging from 9 to 19 mm. The VO extract of Prasaprohyai formula showed antibacterial activity against
most of the pathogenic bacteria in the present study. The activity against Streptococcus pyogenes was found in the VO extract
of some components. The ET extracts of Lepidium sativum Linn, Myristica fragrans Houtt (seed) and Myristica fragrans
Houtt (aril) had no antibacterial activity against all microorganism. However, the EF extracts of this formula and some
components were able to mostly inhibit Gram positive bacteria.
Conclusion : The results indicated that Prasaprohyai formula and its components were able to inhibit the growth of both
Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria including multiresistant strains. The volatile oil extracts seemed to play an
important role in antimicrobial activities. The development of Prasaprohyai formula for alternative medicine will be approached
in future.
Keywords : Prasaprohyai formula and its components, Antibacterial activity, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Acinetobacter baumanii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes
