Oral Health Status and Oral Impacts on Quality of Life in Early Adolescent Cleft Patients
Araya Pisek DDS*, Waranuch Pitiphat DDS, MPMH, MS, ScD*,**, Bowornsilp Chowchuen MD, MBA***, Suteera Pradubwong MSN****
Affiliation : * Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand ** Chronic Inflammatory and Systemic Diseases Associated with Oral Health Research Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand *** Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand **** Division of Nursing, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Objective : To determine the levels of dental caries, periodontal disease and oral health-related quality of life in children with
cleft lip and/or cleft palate compared to non-cleft controls.
Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Khon Kaen, Thailand. Subjects included 68 oral cleft and
118 non-cleft individuals aged 10-14 years, who were interviewed using the Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performance
(Child-OIDP) Index and received oral examinations.
Results : Decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index in permanent teeth, plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI) scores
were significantly higher in the children with cleft than in the controls. However, there was no significant difference in caries
prevalence and decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) index in primary teeth between comparison groups. The prevalence
of oral impacts on Speaking and Smiling was significantly higher in the cleft children than non-cleft controls. The mean impact
score between both groups were not significantly different, but the cleft children with impacts had a significantly higher mean
impact score (11.9) than did the controls (8.6). The impact score in the cleft children was high for speaking (4.5), emotion
control (4.2), eating (3.4) and relaxing (3.4) activities. The main causes of these impacts included having oro-nasal fistula,
having orthodontics appliance, position of teeth and deformity of mouth or face.
Conclusion : The cleft children had higher levels of dental caries and gingivitis, and poorer oral hygiene than the controls.
They also had lower quality of life than the controls in most performances with different perceived causes.
Keywords : Cleft lip and palate, Oral health status, Oral health related quality of life
