Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking and Associated Risk Factors amongst Middle-School Students in Ongkharak District, Thailand
Lakkana Rerksuppaphol MD*, Sanguansak Rerksuppaphol MD**
Affiliation : * Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand ** Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
Background : Cigarette smoking is a common tobacco use which is the leading preventable cause of death in Thailand.
Prevalence and risk factors of cigarette smoking are varied amongst communities.
Objective : The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of cigarette smoking amongst
middle-school students studying in the Ongkharak district, central Thailand.
Material and Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with students of the public schools in Ongkharak district,
central Thailand, in 2013. Of 677 middle-school students (grade 7-9) who currently enrolled in the classes, 130 were
randomly selected. Data on smoking as well as demographic characteristics were collected using an anonymous self-
administered questionnaire which was modified from the 2013 Middle School Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) and
translated into Thai.
Results : The prevalence of children who smoked or had smoked before was 24.6% (38.9% amongst males and 6.9%
amongst females, p-value <0.001), of this proportion 50% were current smokers. Logistic regression analysis showed that
the risk factors for having ever smoked were being male (OR = 7.63, 95% CI 2.26-26.90), of an older age (OR = 2.30, 95%
CI 1.40-3.76), high coffee or tea consumption (OR = 2.95, 95% CI 1.08-8.05) and sharing a household with a smoker (OR
= 2.96, 95% CI 1.09-8.06). Those who have smoked reported higher prevalence of asthma compared to those who have
never smoked (25.0% vs. 9.2%, p-value = 0.033).
Conclusion : About a quarter of middle-school students in Ongkharak district smoked cigarettes. Anti-smoking and prevention
policies should be encouraged to tackle this rising major public health problem.
Keywords : Adolescent, Prevalence, Risk factor, Smoking, Tobacco use
