Metabolic Syndrome in Thai Women Previously Diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes
Rungkan Ruksasakul MD*, Thipaporn Tharavanij MD**, Paskorn Sritipsukho MD***,****
Affiliation : * Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand ** Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand *** Center of Excellence in Applied Epidemiology, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand **** Allergy Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
Background : The study of metabolic syndrome after delivery and its relationship to gestational diabetes (GDM) in Thai is
lacking.
Objective : To compare the prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome after delivery in GDM and normal pregnant
Thai women.
Material and Method: A case-control study was performed at Thammasat University Hospital. Women with previous history
of GDM (n = 56) and normal pregnant women (n = 51) delivered during 2007-2013 were enrolled. All of them underwent
metabolic profile evaluation and 75 gm oral glucose tolerance test in 2013-2014. Risk factors of metabolic syndrome were
assessed by logistic regression model.
Results : Women were recruited a mean of 2.97+1.15 years after delivery. Compared to the control group, the mean current
age, median body mass index (BMI) before pregnant, current BMI, waist/height ratio and systolic blood pressure were
significantly higher in GDM group. Metabolic syndrome was more in the GDM group (26.8% (15/56) vs. 7.8% (4/51), OR
4.3, 95% CI: 1.32-13.99). Only a BMI >25 kg/m2 before index pregnancy was a significant independent factor for this
condition (OR 7.18, 95% CI 1.79-28.80; p = 0.005). After delivery, GDM group had more insulin resistance, assessed by
HOMA-IR, less insulin sensitivity assessed by Masuda index and QUICKI score and less insulin secretion assessed by
HOMA-B, comparing to control group without metabolic syndrome.
Conclusion : Previously diagnosed GDM women have higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome after delivery. Obesity
before pregnant is a strong independent risk factor for this condition.
Keywords : Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), Metabolic syndrome
