Etiologies of Central Diabetes Insipidus in Children : 15
Years Experience in Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand
SOMCHIT JARURAT ANASIRIKUL, M.D.*, NARUMON PATARAKIJVANICH, M.D.*,
SUPACHAI JANJINDAMAI, M.D.*, PUNNEE VASIKNANONTE, M.D.*,
HUTCHA SRIPLUNG, M.D.**
Affiliation : * Department of Pediatrics,
** Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
AbstractCentral diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare disease in children. The authors retrospectively
reviewed the records of children with central Dl identified at Songklanagarind Hospital from I985
to 2000. Of the total 29 patients identified, I6 patients were males and 13 were females. All patients
received computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain to differentiate the etio
logies of central Dl. The median age at diagnosis was 6.6 years (range 1.5-I4.9). The etiologies of
central DI were intracranial tumors in 7 patients (24.1%), histiocytosis in 3 patients (10.3%), septa
optic dysplasia in I patient (3.5%), empty-sella syndrome in I patient (3.5%), pituitary abscess in I
patient (3.5%), and idiopathic in I6 patients (55.I %). All patients with idiopathic central DI were
followed-up for a median duration of 4.5 years (range 1.3-I5.5). Three of I6 patients (18.8%) were
found to have intracranial tumors at 1.3, 2.3, and 3.5 years of follow-up. It was also observed that
the patients whose age at presentation was less than 5 years (histiocytosis was excluded) were less
likely to have intracranial tumors than those older than 5 years, (0% vs 55%), with significant statis
tical difference (p
1) the common etiologies of central DI are intracranial tumor and idiopathic,
2) patients initially diagnosed with idiopathic central Dl need to have long-term follow-up
by magnetic resonance imaging to identify any occult intracerebral tumor.
Keywords : Central Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Insipidus, Idiopathic Central Diabetes Insipidus,
Intracranial Tumor, Neurogenic Diabetes Insipidus
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