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Material and Method: Eighty-eight elective CABG cases were randomized to receive a high dose (10 gm) or low dose (5 gm) MgSO4 and were blinded into bottle 1 (n = 46) and bottle 2 (n = 42). Patients were closely observed with continuous ECG monitoring in the first 24 hours then observed for clinical symptoms until discharge.
Results: The demographic data were comparable except for a higher body weight in the high dose group (60.21±11.32 kg vs. 65.85±12.2 kg, p = 0.03) and higher incidence of diabetes in high dose group (52.4% vs. 28.3%, p = 0.02). Intraoperative data were similar. No complications were related to MgSO4 except one patient in the high dose group that experienced flushing and abdominal discomfort during administration. Immediate postoperative serum magnesium was higher in the high dose group but rapidly returned to similar level one day postoperatively. AF occurred in nine patients (10.23%), four in the low dose and five in the high dose group and there was no statistical significance (p = 0.62).
Conclusion: Current data suggested the safety and effectiveness of MgSO4 for the reduction of the incidence of AF during postoperative CABG surgery. However, there was no statistical difference between the dosages of MgSO4 supplement. The 5-gm-MgSO4 supplement was effective in AF prevention and could avoid the adverse effect from high dose MgSO4 infusion.
Clinical trials registration number: TCTR20140122001
Keywords: Magnesium sulfate, Atrial fibrillation, CABG, Cardiac surgery